优化检测制程设计加速加善65nm芯片的良率

描述一种广泛应用于探索制程设计方面的系统性及随机性故障的短流程测试芯片与先进的检测工具平台相结合的综合方法，以对在65nm技术节点上的关键性缺陷进行特征化描述和监控。借此加速基于缺陷的良率学习。通过独特的快速电性测试方案、快速分析软件以及优化的检测效果。可缩短快速制程开发的学习周期。通过将在一个领先的300mm晶片厂得到的CV检测设置知识经验成功运用于制造过程，优化了产品的关键缺陷（DOI）检测。     

Approximating Free‐form Geometry with Height Fields for Manufacturing

We consider the problem of manufacturing free‐form geometry with classical manufacturing techniques, such as mold casting or 3‐axis milling. We determine a set of constraints that are necessary for manufacturability and then decompose and, if necessary, deform the shape to satisfy the constraints per segment. We show that many objects can be generated from a small number of (mold‐)pieces if slight deformations are acceptable. We provide examples of actual molds and the resulting manufactured objects.     

Medizinisches Wissen in der Unfallversicherung

The article focuses on one central element of medical activity in the context of the German social insurance system: providing expert assessments in accident pension cases. Taking an example from interwar coal mining, it aims to reconstruct how social policy makers first conceived of “pneumatic tool damages” as occupational disease and how trauma surgeons had to deal with this new entity of social law once it had been institutionalized in 1929. Drawing on physicians’ publications as well as archival sources from the supreme court in social insurance, the Reichsversicherungsamt, the article examines how the controversial generation of new knowledge took place. It argues that medical knowledge was neither simply applied to administration and law nor was it compromised by the necessity to adjust it to those fields of decision-making. Expert medical opinions should instead be understood as a specific form of medical knowledge.     

Diffusion Diagrams: Voronoi Cells and Centroids from Diffusion

We define Voronoi cells and centroids based on heat diffusion. These heat cells and heat centroids coincide with the common definitions in Euclidean spaces. On curved surfaces they compare favorably with definitions based on geodesics: they are smooth and can be computed in a stable way with a single linear solve. We analyze the numerics of this approach and can show that diffusion diagrams converge quadratically against the smooth case under mesh refinement, which is better than other common discretization of distance measures in curved spaces. By factorizing the system matrix in a preprocess, computing Voronoi diagrams or centroids amounts to just back‐substitution. We show how to localize this operation so that the complexity is linear in the size of the cells and not the underlying mesh. We provide several example applications that show how to benefit from this approach.     

When the shoe is on the other foot: A qualitative study of intern-level trainees’ perceived learning from clients.

Twelve trainees (3 men and 9 women) who had recently completed predoctoral internships at a university counseling center were interviewed about what they had learned from clients. Data were analyzed using a consensual qualitative research method. Participants reported learning things about doing therapy, themselves, client dynamics, human nature, the therapy relationship, and the usefulness of supervision. In addition, participants highlighted the importance of consultation and self-reflection to help them recognize what they learned. Implications for practice and research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Identification and Quantitation of Compounds in a Series of Allelopathic and Non-Allelopathic Rice Root Exudates

An investigation of the chemical basis for rice allelopathy to the rice weed arrowhead (Sagittaria montevidensis) was undertaken using GC/MS and GC/MS/MS techniques. Twenty-five compounds were isolated and identified from the root exudates of both allelopathic and non-allelopathic rice varieties. Phenolics, phenylalkanoic acids, and indoles were among the chemical classes identified. Two indoles previously unreported in rice were detected in the exudates, 5-hydroxy-2-indolecarboxylic acid and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid. Several other compounds identified in this study have not previously been reported in rice root exudates, namely mercaptoacetic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 4-vinylphenol. The levels of 15 compounds present in the exudates were quantified using GC/MS/MS. Six of the seven most abundant compounds were phenolic acids. Significant differences exist between the allelopathic and non-allelopathic cultivars in their production of three of these six compounds. Greater amounts of trans-ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and caffeic acid were detected in the exudates of allelopathic cultivars. The seventh compound, abietic acid, was significantly higher in the non-allelopathic cultivars.     

Repression of MUC1 Promotes Expansion and Suppressive Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Pancreatic and Breast Cancer Murine Models

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that are responsible for immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. Here we report the impact of mucin 1 (MUC1), a transmembrane glycoprotein, on proliferation and functional activity of MDSCs. To determine the role of MUC1 in MDSC phenotype, we analyzed MDSCs derived from wild type (WT) and MUC1-knockout (MUC1KO) mice bearing syngeneic pancreatic (KCKO) or breast (C57MG) tumors. We observed enhanced tumor growth of pancreatic and breast tumors in the MUC1KO mice compared to the WT mice. Enhanced tumor growth in the MUC1KO mice was associated with increased numbers of suppressive MDSCs and T regulatory (Tregs) cells in the tumor microenvironment. Compared to the WT host, MUC1KO host showed higher levels of iNOS, ARG1, and TGF-β, thus promoting proliferation of MDSCs with an immature and immune suppressive phenotype. When co-cultured with effector T cells, MDSCs from MUC1KO mice led to higher repression of IL-2 and IFN-γ production by T cells as compared to MDSCs from WT mice. Lastly, MDSCs from MUC1KO mice showed higher levels of c-Myc and activated pSTAT3 as compared to MDSCs from WT mice, suggesting increased survival, proliferation, and prevention of maturation of MDSCs in the MUC1KO host. We report diminished T cell function in the KO versus WT mice. In summary, the data suggest that MUC1 may regulate signaling pathways that are critical to maintain the immunosuppressive properties of MDSCs.     

Multidisciplinary epidemiological observations on the role of mineral elements and other environmental factors in inducing essential arterial hypertension

The results of a pluridisciplinary epidemiological study carried out on a series of 225 adults from rural areas, in whom the prevalence of arterial hypertension disease (AHTD) and borderline (AHTB) was of 19.0% and 14.4%, respectively, are presented. In 19.0% of the carriers of over five associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the classical lipid constants (triglycerides-TG. total lipids-TL. total cholesterol-TC. HDL-cholesterol-HDL-c), plasma (PML) and erythrocyte magnesium level (EML), as compared to the degree of drinking water mineralization were determined. The environmental conditions, also expressed in water hardness (21.650 G) or magnesium water intake (85.13 mg/l) correlate in 41.0% of the subjects with a decrease in PML (1.8 mg/l) and in 70.48 with a decrease in EML (4.8 mg/l) through the association of some behavioral or metabolic risk factors: stress, consumption of atherogenic foods, excess alcohol and lipid dysmetabolism (TG: 130-140 mg/l = 59.5%; TL: 8 g%-30.9%; TC: 220 mg/l = 19%; HDL-c: 35 mg/l + 1.9%).     

Resonant circuit with constant voltage applied on the clamp capacitor for zero voltage switching of power converters

Contents This paper presents a new resonant circuit meant to switch the solid state devices by ZVS at the power converters. It only acts before these switchings and has the clamp capacitor supplied of constant voltage. This resonant circuit is characterized by a low clamping ratioK (between 1.15 and 1.20) and a small total duration of its operation. Finally, certain application possibilities of the proposed circuit are presented.

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Ein Resonanzkreis mit konstanter Spannung am Clampkondensator zum Schalten von Umrichtern bei Nullspannung

Übersicht In der Arbeit wird ein neuer Resonanzkreis für die Ausführung von Schaltungen der Halbleiterbauelemente von Umrichtern für ZVS beschrieben. Er wird nur vor den Umschaltungen betrieben und besitzt einen Clampkondensator mit konstanter Speisespannung. Dieser Resonanzkreis zeichnet sich durch einen wertmässig reduzierten Clampfaktor (zwischen 1,15 und 1,20) und eine kleinere Gesamtarbeitsdauer aus. Zum Schluß werden einige mögliche Anwendungen des vorgeschlagenen Schaltkreises vorgestellt.

     

Static frequency converter with current source inverter and low content of higher harmonics at the input and output

Contents The paper presents two new variants of static frequency converters with current source inverters that allow for an important reduction of the higher current harmonics, generated within the mains or introduced in the asynchronous motor supplied by it. This reduction is obtained by the addition of the partial currents dephased correspondingly.

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Ein Umrichter mit eingeprägtem Strom und reduzierten oberen Harmonischen am Ein-und Ausgang

Übersicht In der Arbeit werden zwei neue Varianten von Umrichtern mit eingeprägtem Strom beschrieben, die eine wesentliche Reduzierung der im Netz generierten oder in den Asynchronmotor eingeführten oberen Stromharmonischen erlauben. Diese Reduzierung erhält man durch Aufsummierung von entsprechend phasenverschobenen Teilströmen.